内蒙古大青沟新渡户树蜂危害特征调查与防控对策

Investigation on the damage characteristics and control measures of Sirex nitobei in Daqinggou,Inner Mongolia

新渡户树蜂在我国吉林口岸有截获,国内少有发生的报道。2013年,内蒙古大青沟国家级自然保护区发生了新渡户树蜂危害,研究明确了其形态特征和危害情况,并提出防控对策。研究表明:在大青沟危害樟子松的树蜂为新渡户树蜂;其明显的形态鉴别特征为:雌成虫足和触角全部为黑色;雄成虫腹部第3～10节全部为橙黄色;樟子松为目前发现的唯一寄主,多为胸径11～19 cm的衰弱树;新渡户树蜂在樟子松林水平空间呈聚集分布,产卵后树干出现泪状流脂现象,羽化孔圆形,分布在树干90～180 cm处;针对已发生的虫情,建议采取拔除虫源和科学营林的防控策略,同时加强新渡户树蜂检疫力度,严防其传播和蔓延。

Sirex nitobei were intercepted at the Jilin port,but there are few reports found in China. In 2013,S. nitobei were found in Daqinggou National Reserve in Inner Mongolia. The study clarified its morphological characteristics and hazards,and put forward prevention and control measures. The results show the woodwasps that attack Pinus sylvestris in Daqinggou are S. nitobei. Its distinctive morphological characteristics are：female adult＇s feet and tentacles are all black,and male adult＇s abdomen section 3-10 is all orange-yellow. Pinus sylvestris is the only host found so far,mostly debilitating trees with diameters of 11-19 cm. S. nitobei are clustered in the space of Pinus sylvestris forest. After the oviposition,the tearing lipids appeared in the trunk,and the emergence hole was round and distributed in the trunk at 90-180 cm. For the pests that have already occurred,the recommended strategies of prevention and control are the removal of pests sources and adoption of scientific forestry practices. The quarantine and monitoring measures on S. nitobei should be enhanced to prevent its spread.