油桐4个优良家系主要经济性状分析

Study of major economic traits in 4 superior families of tung tree

为给油桐良种选育提供参考依据,采用田间调查的方法,从湖南省湘西自治区永顺县青坪镇油桐种质资源收集保存库,选取4个油桐优良家系P005、P007、P009、P012作为试验材料,采用化学分析法、索式提油法、色谱分析等方法,对此4个优良家系的果实性状、种仁性状、桐油油脂脂肪酸成分及油脂的理化性质进行了比较分析。测定结果表明:家系P005的不饱和脂肪酸含量最高;家系P007的桐酸含量最高;家系P009的桐油品质最好;家系P012的出油率最高,其综合性状最好。4个优良家系各性状指标值各有高低,综合分析各项指标后认为,优良家系P005和P012均有较高的生产应用价值,不论是作为良种选育的原始材料还是直接用于生产繁殖,都是较好的选择。

In order to provide basis for further breeding of certified seed, the paper makes a comparative analysis of fruit characters, seed characters, Tung oil fatty acid composition and physico-chemical properties of oil of four superior tung families in Yongshun county of Xiangxi antonomous region, including family P005, P007, P009 and P012 which are selected by the method of field investigation. Several techniques, such as Chemical analysis, Soxhlet extraction, Chromatographic analysis, etc, are utilized in this research. The results of this study demonstrated that the content of unsaturated fatty acids in family P005 was the highest, the content ofeleostearic acid in family P007 was the highest, and the quality of tung oil in family P009 was the best, and the oil yield of family P012 was the highest and its comprehensive properties were the best. The four superior families have different phenotypic expressions, whereas they performe great in general, so the family P005 and P012 are selected through synthetical consideration. Either as the original materials in selective breeding, or putting into production directly, the two superior families are all good choices.