日本山椒的复叶离体培养与植株高频再生

Plantlet regeneration from vitro cultured leaves of Zanthoxylum piperitum

日本山椒是一种珍贵的药用和调料树种,种质资源十分紧缺。为了快速繁育获得日本山椒优质种苗,以‘琉锦山椒’和‘花山椒’的试管苗复叶为外植体,采用不同组合培养基进行了离体培养与植株再生试验,建立了日本山椒复叶离体培养与再生体系。试验结果表明:‘琉锦山椒’的最佳诱导培养基为MS+6-BA 1.5 mg·L^(-1)+IBA 0.2 mg·L^(-1),以此培养基培养30 d后,其芽再生诱导率达到90%,每复叶的芽再生数量达到5.42个;‘花山椒’的最佳诱导培养基为MS+6-BA 1.0 mg·L^(-1)+IBA 0.2 mg·L^(-1),以此培养基培养30 d后,其芽再生诱导率达到80%,每复叶的芽再生数量达到4.16个。在MS+6-BA0.5 mg·L^(-1)+IBA0.2 mg·L^(-1)的壮苗培养基与1/4MS+IBA 0.2 mg·L^(-1) NAA0.3 mg·L^(-1)+2.5%蔗糖+0.6%琼脂的生根培养基上,‘琉锦山椒’和‘花山椒’的生根率分别达到了83%和74%;选用蛭石为移栽基质,‘琉锦山椒’和‘花山椒’的成活率分别达到79.5%和76%。

Zanthoxylum piperitum is a precious medicinal and seasoning tree species, germplasm resources are in short supply, in order to quickly get high-quality Zanthoxylum japonica seedlings. Plantlet regeneration from vitro cultured leaves as the explants. In vitro culture and plant high-frequency regeneration experiments were conducted in vitro with the compound plantlets of ＇Riyujin-Sansho＇ and Var. froma inerme. The results showed that, the most suitable induction medium for ＇Riyujin-Sansho＇ was MS＋6-BA1.5 mg.L-1＋IBA0.2 mg.L-1. 30 days later, regeneration frequenrcy could reach to 90 percent, while the average of bud number got 5.42 per leaf. The induction medium for Var. froma inerme was MS＋6＋BA1.0 mg.Ll＋IBA0.2 mg.L-1, regeneration frequenrcy reached to 80 percent, the average of bud number got 4.16 per leaf. The robust seedling media was MS＋6-BA0.5 mg.L-1＋IBA0.2 mg.L-1. The rooting rate of ＇Riyujin-Sansho＇ in 1/4MS＋ IBA0.2 mg.L-1 NA-A0.3 mg.L-1＋ 2.5% sucrose ＋ 0.6% agar was 83%, while Var.froma inerme was 74%. Survival rate of ＇Riyujin-Sansho＇ transplanted in vermiculite was 79.5%, and Var. froma inerme reached to 76%. The efficient system of plant regeneration was esta-blished by using compound leaf of Zanthoxylum piperitum.