不同处理对鲜食枣果实表皮相对电导率与裂果率的影响

Effects of different treatments on the relative electric conductivity of jujube fruits peel and the jujube cracking

为了给枣裂果的研究提供借鉴,以‘中秋酥脆枣’为研究品种,在枣树的白熟期、脆熟期和完熟期,分别喷施浓度分别为4 000、6 000、8 000倍液的氨基酸肥,浓度分别为10、30、60 mg/L的Ca(NO3)2溶液,浓度分别为0.01%、0.05%、0.1%的H2O2溶液及浓度分别0.1%、0.2%、0.3%的Na Cl溶液;采用DDB-303A电导率测试仪,对不同成熟期各处理的枣果实表皮不同部位的电导率进行了测定,并在不同成熟期随机采取各处理各重复的枣果100颗,统计其中的裂果数、裂果级别、裂果方式及果实裂开的具体部位。结果表明:(1)氨基酸肥与Ca(NO3)2均能有效降低裂果率,其中,喷施8 000倍液的氨基酸肥和60 mg/L的Ca(NO3)2溶液对枣果裂果率的降低效果最为明显,其裂果率分别降低40.73%与35.19%。(2)枣果裂开方式主要以纵裂为主,此类裂果占93.85%;其次为十字裂,占2.75%;混合裂、横裂的裂果分别占2.15%、1.26%。(3)枣裂果部位主要集中在果面部与果顶部,果肩部裂开的裂果占比较低,仅占2.13%。(4)各处理成熟鲜枣果的相对电导率的大小顺序分别为:H1<H2<H3、N1<N3<N2、C3<C1<C2、A3<A1<A2。(5)各处理成熟鲜枣果不同部位的相对电导率的大小顺序为:果顶部>果面部>果肩部。综合分析结果表明:各处理枣的裂果率与相对电导率间呈显著相关性;喷施8 000倍液的氨基酸肥和60 mg/L的Ca(NO3)2能有效降低枣果的裂果率。

To explore the different reagents in the spraying, the ＇Zhongqiusucui Zao＇ peel the relative relationship between conductivity and cracking. In jujube white ripe, crisp ripe stage and ripe stage were sprayed on the concentration gradient of amino acid was 4 000 times, 6 000 times and 8 000 times liquid fertilizer, 10 mg/L, 30 mg/L, 60 mg/L Ca（NO3）2 solution, 0.01%, 0.05%, 0.1% H2O2 solution and 0.1%, 0.2%, 0.3% NaCl solution;Adopting DDB-303A conductivity meter for different periods in different parts of the processing of jujube fuit peel conductivity are measured. At the same time in different stages were taken each repeated jujube 100 pieces, count respectively the number of fruit cracking,cracking level, cracking method, crack fruit of the specific parts. （1） Amino acid fertilizer and Ca（NO3）2 can effectively reduce the cracking fruit rate, weight of spraying 8 000 times liquid of amino acid and 60 mg/L Ca（NO3）2 on jujube fruit cracking fruit rate reduce, the most obvious cracking fruit rate is reduced by 40.73% and 35.19%, respectively. （2） Mainly longitudinal crack jujube cracking fruit, accounts for 93.85%; Followed by cross crack, accounts for 2.75%;Mixed crack, transverse crack accounted for 2.15% and 1.26%. （3） The jujube cracking fruit area mainly concentrated in the central and at the bottom of the fruit, fruit cracking fruit peduncle department of low for 2.13% （4） The relative electrical conductivity of each mature fresh jujube fruit was： H1 〈 H2 〈 H3 and N1 〈 N3 〈 N2 and C3 〈 C1 〈 C2, A3 〈 A2 〈 A1. （5） The relative electrical conductivity of different parts of different treatments was：fruit bottom 〉 fruit center 〉 fruit stalk. The jujube fruit cracking rate and relative conductivity showed a significant correlation; Spraying 8 000 times liquid amino acid fertilizer and 60 mg/L Ca（NO3）2 can effectively reduce fruit cracking rate.