新型DCF2技术在克服老桃园连作障碍中的应用

The novel DCF2 technology for overcoming peach replanting obstacles

近年来上海地区老桃园面积不断增加,生产能力和果实品质逐年下降,而桃树的连作障碍影响其更新换代。为了解决老桃园中连作障碍的问题,采用新型DCF2技术,对上海市水蜜桃园土壤采取了深度清洁、添加炭颗粒材料、化学消毒和施用菌肥等措施,研究了不同的土壤处理对园内供试植株的生长状况和果实品质的影响情况。结果表明:TIF膜覆盖土壤的消毒效果较PE膜更佳,炭颗粒越小其吸附能力越强,木霉菌能促进土壤微生物活动;所有处理中,采用溴甲烷+菜饼+果粉炭+木霉菌混合处理后的桃树苗木成活率高,树体长势好,其果实的单果质量最大、可溶性固形物含量最高;替代溴甲烷而使用硫酰氟+果粉炭+木霉菌的混合处理也能达到较好效果。

The production of the old peach orchards in Shanghai has been increasing in recent years and replanting problems become the main obstacles of peach reproduction and regeneration. A comprehensive approaches （DFC2） were applied for solving the replanting problems in the old orchards in Shanghai ,including soil deep cleaning,adding charcol materials, fumigation and fertilization. The effects of different soil treatments on the growth conditions and fruit quality of the selected plants were studied. The results showed TIF film was better than PE film in soil fumigation treatment. Besides, the smaller the carbon particles were, the stronger the adsorption ability was and the usage of trichoderma strains improved the soil microbiology environment. The plantlets in the treatment combining bromomethane, colza cake, charcoal powder and trichoderma strains,had high survival rates, strong growth and branching abilities. Moreover, the peaches had the maximal per-fruit weight and highest soluble solids content among all the soil treatment projects; the combination of Vikane instead of bromomethane, colza cake, charcoal powder and trichoderma strains could also obtain satisfactory effect.