关公崇拜在清代的发展研究

Study on the Development of Guan Gong Worship in the Qing Dynasty

满人崇拜关公是崇尚武力、顺应民间信仰潮流、祭祀祖先、传承霸业的需要。满清统治者入主中原后,尊关公为护国神,采取了为关公不断加封帝号,广建关帝庙,开展祭祀活动,借图书、戏曲广泛传播关公文化,以关公忠义思想教化民众等一系列重要举措,将统治者对关公的崇拜与民间对关公的信仰结合起来,把关公崇拜推向鼎盛。

People of Manchu pay their worship of Guan Gong for the need of advocating military force,conforming to the trend of folk beliefs,offering sacrifices to ancestors and inheriting dominance.After the Manchu rulers took over the Central Plains,they adopted a series of important measures to honor Guan Gong as the protector of the state,such as constantly adding seals for Guan Gong,broadly building Guandi temple,carrying out ceremonial activities,widely spreading Guan Gong culture through books and operas,and teaching the public about the loyalty thoughts of Guan Gong.The ruler＇s worship for Guan Gong was combined with the folk belief in Guan Gong,and Guan Gong worship was highly promoted.