塑料瓦楞板组合式周转箱设计及跌落分析

Design and Drop Analysis of Spliced Plastic Corrugated Turnover Box

目的设计一款可替代塑料周转箱和瓦楞纸箱的可拼接式塑料瓦楞周转箱,并通过仿真寻找所设计塑料瓦楞周转箱在跌落时的易损部位,以便对所设计结构进行更合理的设计及优化。方法基于HyperMesh LS-DYNA及LS-Pre Post对模型进行日常运输时跌落的模拟仿真,箱体总质量为60 kg,高度为1 m,分别采用斜15°和水平(箱底面相较于跌落地面的角度)这2种工况下进行跌落仿真。结果所设计周转箱在2种工况下底部包边边框刚碰撞时,边框局部等效应力大于200 MPa,超过铝合金的屈服强度,会发生塑性应变,但边框有效塑性应变均未达到铝合金的断面伸长率(16%),因此未发生断裂失效。结论所设计的周转箱抗跌落性能良好,在改进时需着重对4个底角进行加强防护设计。

The work aims to design a kind of spliced plastic corrugated turnover box which can replace plastic turnover box and corrugated box, and search the fragile parts of the designed plastic corrugated turnover box during drop through simulation, so as to make a more reasonable design and optimization of the designed structure. The model simulation on the drop during the daily transportation was carried out based on HyperMesh LS-DYNA and LS-Pre Post. When the total weight of the box was 60 kg and the height was 1 m, the drop simulation was conducted respectively under the conditions of 15° inclined angle and the horizontal level（angle between the box bottom and the drop ground）. When the bound frames at the bottom of the designed turnover box collided under these two conditions, the von mises stress of partial frame was more than 200 MPa which exceeded the yield strength of aluminum alloy and caused plastic deformation, but the effective plastic strain of the frame did not reach the aluminum alloy＇s section elongation（16%）, thus resulting in no fracture failure. The designed turnover box has outstanding anti-dropping capability, and the strengthened protection design of the four base angles should be emphasized during the improvement.