国际犯罪管辖和审理的制度建构与完善

System Construction and Improvement of Jurisdiction and Trial of International Crimes

在国际法场合,一国当局就国际犯罪案件行使管辖权,由本国法院审理而作出裁判,具有维护公民权益且彰显国家主权之双重功效。然而,我国怠于公海上刑事司法维权的现象屡见不鲜。倘以法律视角考量,其原因在于我国刑法效力范围狭窄,且诉讼管辖制度设计之疏漏。本文遂由《刑法》第9条拓展解释开始,进而提出扩充刑法的效力范围、弥合涉外刑事诉讼管辖制度的疏漏,以完善国际犯罪案件间接审理制度的方案和建议。

In the context of international law, the authority of a country exercises the right of jurisdiction over international criminal cases, and its courts make judgments, with the dual effects of safeguarding rights and interests of citizens and demonstrating national sovereignty. However, it is common for China to suffer from criminal justice protection on the high seas. If the legal perspective is taken into consideration, the reason lies in that the validity scope of the criminal law is narrow and the design of jurisdiction system of lawsuit is neglected. This article begins with the interpretation of article 9 of the Criminal Law, and then proposes to expand the scope of validity of the criminal law, to rectify the neglect of jurisdiction system of foreign criminal proceedings in order to improve the scheme and recommendation of the indirect trial system of international criminal cases.