惩防扶贫领域职务犯罪的困难与破解路径——立足社会预防政策的考量

Difficulties and Approaches of Punishing and Preventing the Duty Crimes in Poverty Alleviation——On the Prevention Policy Considerations

社会预防政策是刑事政策的重要内容,可以对犯罪控制和预防产生积极影响。当前我国扶贫领域职务犯罪的高发态势,主要源于农村基层组织人员权力过剩和监管机制的缺乏,应当对该类犯罪法律适用疑难与司法实践困境进行综合分析,并立足于社会预防政策的视角,探索惩防扶贫领域职务犯罪的思路和路径。宏观层面上,要发挥检察机关的预防功能,构建"惩防一体化",锁定重点领域、环节和地区的犯罪动向,合理分配农村基层组织人员职责权限,优化权力配置。微观层面上,要准确界定"农村基层组织"及其"人员"、区分公务和集体村务、公共财产和集体财产,加强相关人员的教育引导,创新思想教育方式,提高扶贫领域职务犯罪预防的群众参与度。

Social prevention policy is an important part of criminal policy, which has a positive impact on crime control and prevention. The main reasons of the current high frequency of the duty crimes in the field of pov-erty alleviation in China are the excessive power for the rural primary organization personnel and the supervision mechanism shortage. Therefore, in view of social prevention policy, we should synthetically analyze the difficulties in the criminal law application and in the judicial practice to explore approaches to punish and prevent the duty crime in poverty alleviation. At the macro level, the procuratorial organ should play a prevention role to construct the integration of punishment and prevention, lock key areas and links and regional crime trends and reasonable allocate the responsibility and authority in rural primary organization personnel so as to optimize the distribution of power. At the micro level, an accurate definition should be given to the rural primary organization and its personnel, the public and collective village affairs, public property and collective property. We should strengthen the education of relevant personnel and create new ways of ideological education, which will increase mass participation of prevention of duty crime in poverty alleviation.