不同密度对超甜玉米产量、商品性及可溶性固形物含量的影响

Effects of Different Planting Densities on Yield, Commodity Characteristics and Soluble Solids of Sweet Corn

以超甜玉米品种京科甜183、京科甜533为试验材料,设3.0万、3.75万、4.5万、5.25万、6.0万、6.75万株/hm2共6个密度处理,研究不同密度对超甜玉米生长、产量、商品特性及可溶性固形物含量的影响。结果表明,随种植密度增加,玉米产量逐渐增高,穗长、穗粗、一等穗率、特等穗率逐渐下降,乳熟期子粒可溶性固形物含量逐渐降低。京科甜183和京科甜533产量显著增加点分别在密度增加至5.25万和4.5万株/hm2时,随密度继续增加产量增幅不明显。密度增加至5.25万株/hm2时,京科甜183一等以上穗率开始显著降低;密度增加至6.0万株/hm2时,京科甜183穗长、京科甜533穗长和一等以上穗率以及两个品种子粒可溶性固形物含量开始显著降低。京科甜183密度以5.25万株/hm2为宜;京科甜533的密度应适当降低,以4.5万~5.25万株/hm2为宜。

Field experiment was conducted with six planting densities by using sweet corn varieties Jingke-tian183 and Jingketian533, in order to illustrate the effects of planting density on plant growth, yield, and productquality of sweet corn. The results showed that, yields of two varieties were increased, ear length and diameter, earrate of first grade, ear rate of top grade, and soluble solids contents（SSC） in kernels were decreased with the increas-ing of planting densities. Yield of Jingketian183 and Jingketian533 showed a significant increase when planting den-sities increasing to 52 500, 45 000 plants/ha, and the output increase was not obvious as planting densities continueto increase. In terms of product quality, rate of first grade and top grade of Jineketian183 began to significantly de-crease when planting densities increasing to 52 500 plants/ha, and that of Jingketian533, ear length, SSC of both va-rieties began to significantly decrease when planting densities increasing to 60 000 plants/ha. For Jingketian183 and Jingketian533, the suitable density was 52 500 plants/ha and 45 000-52 500 plants/ha respectively.