论瓦雷拉对神经现象的解释

On Varela's Explanation of Neurophenomenology

瓦雷拉为了解决意识难题,深入探究生活经验与理性认识之间的基本循环关系,对神经现象作出解释:为了避免落入传统的认识论和形而上学的泥潭,他倡导在非具身自然主义实在论和超验主义唯心论之间寻找一条中间地带,扬弃了同一性理论,阐述了主体和环境关系的不对称性以及生活经验和科学研究对称性的转化问题,反对基础主义的论断。后期发展的行动主义直接实在论、预测处理理论等研究进一步深化了瓦雷拉的理论阐释。

Francisco Varela explored the basic cyclical relationship between life experience and rational knowledge by neurophenomenology,in order to solve the hard problem of consciousness. In order to avoid falling into the trap of traditional epistemology and metaphysics,he advocated finding a middle ground between disembodied naturalism and the idealist attitude of＂disworlded＂transcendentalism. He sublated scientifically the theory of identity and elaborated on the asymmetry of the relationship between subject and environment tranformed into a problem of symmetry between life experience and scientific research,following the pinciple of the anti-foundationalism. Later studies on Actionist Direct Realism and Predictive Processing Theory further deepened Varela＇s theoretical interpretation.