土地整治供给侧结构性改革与乡村重构——潜江“华山模式”实证研究

Structural reform on the supply side of land consolidation and rural restructuring:An empirical study of the Huashan Model in Qianjiang City, Hubei Province

在厘清供给侧结构性改革提出的背景、内涵基础上,运用实地观察法和深度访谈法,探讨如何通过开展土地整治助推乡村重构等问题,并以湖北省潜江的"华山模式"作为实证。结果表明:(1)需要构建"背景—手段—路径—目标"的土地整治供给侧结构性改革体系;(2)土地整治供给侧结构性改革从调结构、去库存、补短板、降成本、促融合五个方面着手,核心在于实现"劳动力、土地、资本、制度、产业、技术"六大要素的合理配置;(3)"华山模式"实现了土地流转—虾稻共作—镇企共建—市场引导—多方共赢的目标,是土地整治供给侧结构性改革助推乡村重构的成功样板。建议在实施土地整治时,应贯彻绿色理念、注意全域规划、依托科技支撑、因地制宜发展当地产业、加强制度供给等,确保土地整治助推乡村重构的有效性和持续性。

On the basis of clarifying the background and connotation of structural reform on the supply side,field observations and in-depth interviews were conducted to examine how land consolidation was used to promote the restructuring of rural areas, and the Huashan Model of Hubei Province was taken as an example.The results show that：（1） It is necessary to carry out the structural reform on the supply side of land consolidation on the basis of background-means-path-objectives;（2） The structural reform on the supply side of land consolidation include structural adjustments, reducing inventories, removing bottlenecks, reducing costs,and facilitating integration. The starting point is to realize the rational allocation of labor, land, capital,institution, industry, and technology factors;（3） The Huashan Model realizes land circulation-shrimp and rice co-production-township enterprise cooperation-market guidance-win win situation for multiple stakeholders, and has become a success case of structural reform on the supply side of land consolidation for rural restructuring. It is suggested that in the process of implementing land consolidation, it is necessary to adopt green development concepts, pay attention to regional planning, rely on scientific and technological supports, develop local industries according to the local conditions, and strengthen institutional supply, so as to ensure the effectiveness and sustainability of land consolidation to promote rural restructuring.