农村初产妇的健康商数对其育儿自我效能的影响

Influence of health quotient on parenting self-efficacy in rural primiparas

目的调查农村初产妇健康商数和育儿自我效能的临床现状，并探讨健康商数对其育儿自我效能的影响。方法2016年1月-2017年3月，通过便利抽样的方法选择132名农村初产妇，应用产褥期妇女健康商数量表和育儿自我效能量表对其进行调查。采用单因素分析、Pearson相关性分析及分层回归分析验证健康商数对育儿自我效能的影响关系，采用SPSS20．0软件对数据结果进行统计分析。结果共收回有效问卷124份。124名农村初产妇的健康商数得分为（60．23±5．82）分，育儿自我效能的得分为（72．39±13．24）分，二者总分呈正相关（r=0．422，P〈0．05）。单因素分析显示，不同年龄、文化程度、家庭平均月收入和婴儿性别的农村初产妇其育儿自我效能的得分差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。多元逐步分层回归分析显示，文化程度、家庭平均月收入和婴儿性别及健康商数各维度得分对育儿自我效能具有独立的预测作用（P〈0．05）。结论农村初产妇的育儿自我效能相对较差，临床护士可根据农村初产妇的健康商数水平进行针对性护理，以促进产妇对婴儿的健康管理。

Objective To investigate the clinical status of heahh quotient and parenting self-efficacy in rural primiparas, and to explore the influence of health quotient on their parenting self-efficacy. Methods A total of 132 rural primiparas were selected using convenience sampling from January 2016 to March 2017. The participants were investigated using Health Quotient Scale and Parenting Self-efficacy Scale. The univariate analysis, Pearson correlation test, and hierarchical regression were used to explore the relationship between health quotient and parenting self-efficacy. The data were analysed by SPSS 20.0 software. Results A total of 124 questionnaires were available. The health quotient score of the participants was （60.23 ±5.82） and the parenting self-efficacy score was （72.39 ± 13.24）. Pearson＇s r test showed that there was a positive correlation between self-efficacy and health quotient （r=0.422, P 〈 0.05）. The univariate analysis showed that age, education, family income per month, and the gender of infants were predictors of parenting self-efficacy （P 〈 0.05）. Multivariate regression analysis showed that education, family income per month, the gender of infants, and health quotient were independent predictors of parenting self-efficacy （P 〈 0.05）. Conclusions The parenting self-efficacy is insufficient in rural primiparas. The clinical nurses can carry out more targeted nursing care according to the health quotient level to promote patients＇ parenting ability.