行政区划调整对政区位势的影响与定量化测度——以重庆市为例

The Influence and Qualitative Measure Methods of Administrative Division Adjustment on Administrative Region Potential:Taking Chongqing City as a Case

行政区划调整是提升行政管理效率和促进经济发展的重要手段,由此改变政区的位势和发展轨迹,重塑城市发展活力和区域发展格局。政区位势的测度可以较好的评价行政区划调整的效能。建立基于生产函数的政区位势模型,以重庆市为案例,测算其设立直辖市前后的政区位势及其区划调整的相对区位势能,以探析影响政区位势变化的机制。研究表明：（1）政区位势与该地的交通通达度、资源控制能力及综合发展规模有关;（2）行政区划调整对政区位势变化具有正向作用,但该影响效果具有滞后效应;（3）设立直辖市对重庆市而言不仅意味着行政级别的提升,政区位势也不断上升,相对区位势能均大于1,但该提升幅度正从快速优化趋于平缓发展。

The adjustment of administrative divisions is an important means to improve the efficiency of administrative management and promote economic development, which can often change the potential and development track of an administrative region, and reshape the vitality of urban development and regional development pattern. By quantitatively measuring the change of the potential caused by the administrative division adjustment, the effectiveness of the administrative division adjustment can be evaluated, and the internal relations with the social and economic development can be measured. This article tries to establish a quantitative measurement model of the potential of administrative region derived from Cobb-Douglas production function.Taking Chongqing City as a case, the article calculates the potential and the relative energy of the adjustment of the municipality before and after the establishment of the municipality directly under the central government, in order to explore and analyze the mechanism that affects the change of potential of an administrative region. Researches show that： 1） The potential of administrative region is related to the traffic accessibility, resource control capacity and comprehensive development scale. And there is interaction between each factor and it. 2） Administrative division adjustment has a positive effect on the change of potential of administrative region, but the effect has lag effect and cannot be realized in a short time. 3） The establishment of Chongqing Municipality does not only mean the promotion of the administrative level, but also the increasing potential of administrative region. Its relative potential of administrative region is greater than 1 since the establishment of municipality, but the increase range is changed from the rapid tends to develop slowly. 4） With the establishment of the Chongqing Municipality, the construction of its transportation network has been gradually improved, the financial management has been successfully transformed, the economic growth has been rapid, and the financial and economic win-win situation has been achieved. Compared to the pre zoning adjustment period, the regional comparative advantages are prominent, and the competitive power is becoming more and more outstanding. This article puts forward new vision and new methods from the perspective of administrative region potential to measure the influence of administrative division adjustment quantitatively, whose deficiency is that the indicators for measuring the resource control capacity in case areas are not comprehensive, and the research area of this paper, Chongqing City, has its particularity. In the future, we will focus on the change of the effectiveness of the administrative division adjustment in the general regions, so as to gradually deepen the understanding of the political location potential.