磁约束核聚变国际发展态势分析

International Development Trend Analysis of Magnetic Confinement Nuclear Fusion

核聚变能被视为人类可持续发展最理想的未来能源,受控核聚变研究的最终目标是实现聚变能的商业化应用。主要发达国家纷纷制定了聚变能研究战略,探索和发展能直接用于商用聚变堆的各种新技术和新概念,以加快这一进程。经过半个多世纪的不懈努力,世界各国已在磁约束核聚变理论方法、关键技术和实验装置上取得了突破性进展。该文主要从国际相关战略规划、ITER计划现状、理论与实验工艺上的研究进展及关键前沿技术等几个方面对磁约束核聚变国际发展态势进行分析,从文献计量角度揭示出核聚变领域的主要国家、机构和科研人员特征,并提出了中国核聚变未来发展的对策建议。

Nuclear fusion can be regarded as the most ideal future energy for human renewable development. The ultimate goal of controlled nuclear fusion research is to realize the commercial application of fusion energy. The major developed countries have developed fusion energy research strategies and explored various new technologies and concepts that can be directly used in commercial fusion reactors to speed up this process. After more than half a century of unremitting efforts, countries all over the world have made breakthroughs in magnetic confinement fusion theory, key technologies and experimental devices. This article mainly analyzes the international development trend of magnetic confinement fusion from aspects of international relevant strategic planning, status of ITER program, research progress and key frontier technologies, reveals the main characteristics of national institutions and scientific research personnel in the field of nuclear fusion from the perspective of bibliometrics, and put forward suggestions for the future development of nuclear fusion in China.