Epworth嗜睡量表联合微动敏感床垫式睡眠监测系统对荆门市东宝区成年女性打鼾及阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征流行病学调查

Epidemiological investigation of snoring and obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome among the adults female in Dongbao District of Jingmen City by Epworth sleepiness scale combined with MSMSMS

目的了解荆门市东宝区18岁以上女性居民打鼾及睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征(OSAHS)发病率和危险因素,为该病的防治提供依据。方法采用整群抽样法和Epworth嗜睡量表,对荆门市东宝区东方百货集团18岁以上女性职工及女性家属进行打鼾问卷调查,计算人群中打鼾发病率、分析其危险因素。数据表随机抽取60例打鼾人群应用微动敏感床垫式睡眠监测系统(micro-movement sensitive mattress sleep monitoring system,MSMSMS)进行整夜睡眠呼吸监测,推算人群中OSAHS的患病率。结果共发放调查表2028份,收回有效问卷1961份,有效率为96.70%。打鼾735人,发病率为37.48%,随年龄增加,打鼾、发病率逐渐增加,50~59岁达高峰。体重指数超标者打鼾及OSAHS的发病率增高。打鼾患者容易引起心脑血管疾病。根据症状、体征,按睡眠呼吸暂停低通气指数(AHI)≥5次/h为诊断标准,在抽取的60例打鼾患者中共确诊48例OSAHS,推算人群患病人数518例,发病率为26.42%(518/1961)。Epworth嗜睡量表与MSMSMS符合率80.00%,其中轻度OSAHS二者诊断符合率12例,符合率60.00%,中、重度OSAHS,二者诊断符合率各18例,符合率90.00%。结论荆门市东宝区成年女性打鼾及阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征发病率较高,打鼾人群心脑血管系统疾病的发生率明显高于非打鼾人群。应根据其流行病学特点制定相应的防治策略,降低OSAHS及其并发症的发生率。ESS联合MSMSMS具有很好的诊断中、重度OSAHS的应用价值,可在临床推广应用。

Objective To understand the prevalence and high risk factors of snoring,obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome（OSAHS）in adults female aged over 18 years in Dongbao District of Jingmen City. Methods The method of cluster sampling and Epworth sleepiness scale（ESS）were used. Female workers from Oriental department store in Dongbao District of Jingmen City and their Female family members aged over 18 years were investigated by questionnaires. The prevalence of snoring was calculated and risk factors were analyzed. 60 cases randomly selected by data table were monitored by micro-movement sensitive mattress sleep monitoring system,（MSMSMS）,and the prevalence of OSAHS was estimated. Results A total of 2028 questionnaires were issued,and 1961 valid questionnaires were collected with the effective rate of 96.70%. There were 735 snorers,and the general prevalence was 37.48%. With age increasing,snoring and the disease incidence increased gradually and would reach the peak at 50～59 years old. The prevalence of snoring and OSAHS was higher in overweight patients. The snorers have higher incidence of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. According to the symptom and sign,AHI≥5 times/h was defined as the diagnostic standard,48 were diagnosed as having OSAHS among the 60 selected snorers. Based on this,518 people were calculated to suffer from OSAHS,and the prevalence was 26.42%（518/1961）. The coincidence rate of the Epworth sleepiness scale and the MSMSMS was 80%. 12 cases were diagnosed with mild OSAHS by these two methods and the coincidence rate was 60%;while 18 cases were diagnosed with moderate and severe OSAHS,and the coincidence rate was 90%. Conclusion The incidence of snoring and OSAHS is higher among the adult aged over 18 years in Dongbao District of Jingmen City. People with snoring are more likely to suffer from cardiovascular diseases than the non-snoring group. Strategies and measures should be made to reduce the incidence of the disease and its complications according to the epidemiological characteristics. ESS combined with MSMSMS is a valuable measurement for the diagnosis of moderate and severe OSAHS patients and can be widely used in clinical practice.