不同栽培条件下桔梗形态及桔梗皂苷D含量

Morphological and Platycodin D Properties of Platycodon grandiflorum Under Different Conditions

以桔梗为试材,观察露地和大棚栽培条件下各年份桔梗的形态特征,采用液质联用技术测量桔梗根中有效成分桔梗皂苷D含量,并测定盐和干旱胁迫下桔梗种子的萌发情况。结果表明:不同程度盐和干旱胁迫下,野生桔梗种子萌发率、发芽势随处理浓度的升高均呈现显著降低的趋势,种子能耐低于0.05 mol·L^(-1) NaCl溶液和0.10 mol·L^(-1)PEG 6000溶液,具有一定的抗逆性,桔梗种子直播时能耐低盐渍化和稍干旱的土壤。露地种植的各年份桔梗根中桔梗皂苷D含量略高于大棚种植桔梗,在相同种植条件下,二年生桔梗形态较佳,桔梗皂苷D含量在栽培种中最高,一年生和三年生次之,一年生盆栽苗侧根和须根极多,有效成分含量最低。

To explore the content of active ingredients in the roots of different ages Platycodon grandiflorumfor guiding the cultivation and harvesting,the germination of P.grandiflorum seeds under salt and drought stress was calculated.The morphology of P.grandiflorum,which were cultivated under open and greenhouse conditions were observed.Simultaneously,platycodin D main active ingredient in P.grandiflorum were determined by LC-MS.The results showed that the seed germination rate and potential decreased significantly as increasing degree of salt and drought stress,and could endure 0.05 mol· L～（-1） NaCl and 0.10 mol· L～（-1） PEG 6000 or lower.That demonstrated P.grandiflorumseeds would resistant low-salting and slightly arid soil.The contents of platycodin D in roots of P.grandiflorum planted in open field were slightly higher than that in greenhouses.Two-year-old P.grandiflorum had the best morphological characteristics and the highest platycodin D among cultivars,followed by one year and three years.There were many lateral roots and fibrous roots in annual potted plants,and the content of active ingredients was the lowest.