基于医院大数据评估丙型肝炎病毒感染率

Evaluation of hepatitis C virus infection based on big data of hospital

目的探讨基于医院大数据的调查方法，评估丙型肝炎病毒（HCV）感染状况的可行性。方法收集2016、2011年检测抗-HCV的住院患者资料，剔除肝病相关的科室患者资料，将研究人群分为手术科室和非手术科室，分析两组人群的特征，对比分析不同年份抗-HCV阳性率变化趋势。结果医院手术科室与非手术科室的患者在性别、城乡、地域分布相当，但手术科室患者在各年龄段分布较为均衡。2016年全年住院患者抗-HCV阳性率为0．82％，〉1～≤55岁手术科室患者抗-HCV阳性率为0．58％。其中，≤25岁（为1993年丙型肝炎抗体筛查以后出生）手术科室患者抗-HCV阳性率为0．06％，明显低于其他年龄段患者。2016年手术科室患者（全年龄段）抗-HCV阳性率低于2011年（0．75％比0．97％），两个年份手术科室抗-HCV阳性率均随着年龄减少有降低趋势。结论医院手术科室（肝病相关科室除外）住院患者群体的抗-HCV阳性率，在一定程度上反映了普通人群HCV的感染状况。利用医院数据获取的简便性，可以动态了解抗-HCV阳性率的变化。

Objective To evaluate the feasibility of hepatitis C virus （HCV） infection by survey methods based on big data of hospital. Methods Inpatients data of anti-HCV was collected in 2016 and 2011. Patient＇s data related to Department of Liver Diseases were excluded. The research population was divided into Surgical and Nonsurgical Department. The characteristics of the two groups were analyzed and the changing trends of anti -HCV positive rate in different years was compared and analyzed. Results Patients in the surgical and non-surgical department of hospital were equally distributed across gender, urban and rural areas, and region, but the distribution of patients in surgical departments were relatively equal in all age groups. The positive rate of anti -HCV in hospitalized patients in 2016 was 0.82%, and anti -HCV positive rate was 0.58% in surgical department of 1 - 55 years old. Among them, anti-HCV was positive in 0.06% who underwent surgical procedure at the age of ≤ 25 （born after 1993 and screened for hepatitis C antibody）, which was significantly lower than those in other age groups were. The anti -HCV positive rate of patients （all age groups） was lower in 2016 than that in 2011 （0.75% vs. 0.97%）. The anti-HCV positive rates of surgical department in both years had a decreasing trend with age. Conclusion The prevalence rate of anti-HCV, among patients population of operation departments, might reflect the prevalence rate of HCV infection among general population. Using the convenience of hospital data acquisition,we might dynamically understand the change of HCV infection.