基于现代新科技的新型救生艇开发

Design of New Type Lifeboat Based on Modern New Technology

设计一种基于太阳能发电、自动识别系统(AIS)定位和热敏电阻(PTC)加热的新型救生艇。首先,设计救生艇太阳能辅助能源系统,包括太阳能电池板在救生艇上的安放及展开结构的设计,并结合典型航道光照强度进行发电量计算;然后,利用半导体制冷技术结合空气加湿-除湿技术设计救生艇空气造水系统,并应用MATLAB软件模拟海洋环境进行造水系统取水率的验算;同时,对比分析AIS-SART与雷达应答器的综合性能,为新型救生艇选配适当的应答器;最后,分析PTC加热材料的加热特性,结合救生艇的结构特点,选配适当的PTC加热材料,设计救生艇座椅加热单元,并进行PTC加热系统耗电量的理论计算。结果表明,该设计可以解决救生艇能源较少、淡水有限、定位精度低及保温性差等问题,能够提高乘员的舒适性以及延长等待救援的时间。

The paper designs a new type of lifeboat which based on semiconductor refrigeration, AIS and PTC heating. First, the solar auxiliary energy system of lifeboat is designed, including the design of stored and launched structure, and the calculation of the system capacity combining with typical navigation channel light. Then the lifeboat air fresh water system is designed with combining the semiconductor refrigeration technology and air humidification-dehumidification. Applying the MATLAB software, the sea condition is simulated and the fresh water system water rates are checked. At the same time, the comparative analysis of AIS-SART and radar search and rescue transponder comprehensive performance is done, and the appropriate transponder for new lifeboat is selected. Finally, the characteristics of the PTC heating material are analyzed. Combining with the structural features of the lifeboat, the appropriate heating material is selected. The unit of lifeboat heated chairs is designed and the theoretical calculation of power consumption for PTC heating system is done. The result shows that the design solves the problem of less energy, limited freshwater, lower location accuracy and poor heat insulation. It can also improve the comfort of passengers and extend the waiting time for rescue.