社会系统理论视域下的在线学习共同体构建

Construction of Learning Community Online based on Social System Theory

团队无协作、成员互动无建构以及知识建构低水平的现象是在线学习共同体构建与组织所面临的主要挑战,主要原因之一在于团队设计难以超越二元对立的系统论或者线性的流程化设计思想。卢曼的社会系统理论跳出了整体与局部的二元对立和线性的社会系统结构观,阐明了社会系统形成、存在与发展的条件与机制,其对于在线学习共同体的构建具有重要意义。该文基于社会系统理论构建了"在线学习共同体的社会系统结构"模型及支持策略,实现了对在线学习共同体的团队组织、沟通交流、自我参照和自我生产的系统设计。在一项关于微课设计的在线学习中,依据该模型进行了在线学习共同体的设计和实践。研究表明,共同体成员的协作互动频率明显增强,知识建构水平得到较大程度提高,特别是高水平知识建构的频次尤为明显。

The main challenges for the construction and organization of online learning community are no collaboration online, no knowledge building among the members＇ interaction and low-level knowledge construction. One of the main causes of this problem is that team design is difficult to go beyond systems theory of duality or thought of the linear process design. The social system theory, created by Luhmann, jumps out of system of duality of the whole and part and perspective of the linear system structure, which explains the conditions and mechanisms about the formation, existence and development of social system. It is of great significance for the construction of online learning community. Based on the theory of social system, the model of social system structure on online learning community and supporting strategy are developed, which implement a system design for team organization, communication, self-reference and self-production of the online learning community. In an online study about micro-lesson design, the online learning community was designed based on the model. The results of the study show that the frequency of collaborative interaction among the community is increased significantly, the level of knowledge construction has been greatly enhanced, the frequency of the high level knowledge building is particularly obvious.