碘与甲状腺癌的关系

Advances in the relationship between iodine and thyroid carcinoma

近年来，许多国家甲状腺癌发病率呈现快速增长的趋势，特别是乳头状甲状腺癌。目前，对于甲状腺癌发病率快速增长的原因意见尚不统一，主要影响因素包括影像学检查灵敏度的提高、体检参与范围的扩大、放射性辐射暴露、精神压力、体质量指数（BMI）及肥胖等。碘与甲状腺癌的关系到目前为止一直没有定论，一般认为碘缺乏与滤泡状甲状腺癌发病相关，过量碘的摄入可导致乳头状甲状腺癌构成上升。

In recent years, the incidence rates of thyroid carcinoma （TC） in many countries have been increasing rapidly, especially papillary TC. But the reasons are not yet unified. The main influencing factors include improved diagnosis methods, increased screening, radiation exposure, mental stress, body mass index（BMI） and obesity. The role of iodine intaken in TC remains uncertain. It is generally believed that iodine deficiency is a risk factor for follicular TC; and excessive iodine intake can rise the constituent ratio of papillary TC.