风电参与电力系统调频技术研究的回顾与展望

Retrospect and Prospect of Research on Frequency Regulation Technology of Power System by Wind Power

风电参与电力系统调频可增强系统频率稳定性,减小系统同步机的有功备用容量,提高系统的风电接纳能力。从风电机组、风场、系统3个层面回顾了近十几年来有关风电参与系统调频的研究状况。在风电机组层面介绍了目前的风电机型及其并网对系统频率的影响,阐述了目前存在的风电机组调频控制策略的基本原理和特性。在风场层面概述了目前风场内部风电机组之间和风电机组与变流器之间有功协调控制的调频策略。在系统层面叙述了风、水、火、荷等之间协调控制参与系统调频的研究现状。对今后风电调频研究方向进行了展望,即风电机组-场-群一体化控制和源-网-荷的综合协调控制将成为风电参与系统调频研究的重点和热点。

Wind power participation in power system frequency regulation can enhance system frequency stability, reduce active reserve capacity of synchronous machines, and improve wind power accommodation capacity of the system. This paper reviews research status of wind power participation in system frequency regulation in recent years from three levels： wind turbine, wind farm, and system. Wind turbine level： influence of current wind turbine type and its grid connection on system frequency is presented, and basic principle and characteristics of existing wind turbine frequency regulation control strategy are expounded. Wind farm level： frequency regulation strategy for active coordinated control between wind turbines within one wind farm and between wind turbines and converters is outlined. System level： research status of coordinated control strategy of frequency regulation between wind, hydro, thermal generations and load is described. Finally, future research direction of wind power frequency regulation is expected. Turbine-farm-system integrated control of wind power and source-grid-load integrated coordinated control will be research focus and hotspot of system frequency regulation with wind power.