柴油发电机辅助的风电场黑启动过程及频率控制

Study on Black-Start Process and Frequency Control of Wind Farms Assisted With Diesel Generator

当传统黑启动电源相对匮乏的局域电网发生大停电后,以风电场作为黑启动电源将有效加快系统恢复进程。以此为背景,提出一种为风电场配备小容量柴油发电机作为支撑电源来实现风电场黑启动的方法,并制定了风电场恢复附近火电机组的黑启动策略。通过分析风电场的有效出力和火电机组辅机容量,确定了风机启动台数及相应的柴油发电机容量,提出了风电场作为黑启动电源的支撑技术。同时,为改善风-柴系统频率调节能力,研究了黑启动时风机的调频控制策略,包括双馈风机的虚拟惯性控制、变桨一次调频和二次调频策略。最后,通过PSCAD/EMTDC软件对实际算例进行仿真,验证了所提方案的合理性和有效性。

After a local power grid without conventional black-start power source blacks out, as a black-start power source, wind farms will effectively speed up system recovery process. This paper proposes a self-starting method for wind farms with a small capacity diesel generator as support power source, and formulates a black-start strategy to recover nearby thermal power units. Some indexes are determined, including number of starting wind turbines and capacity of diesel generators by analyzing effective output of the wind farm and the thermal power auxiliary capacity. Then a supporting technology of wind farms as black-start power source is put forward. In order to enhance frequency regulation capability of the wind-diesel system, frequency control strategy of wind turbine in black-start is studied, including virtual inertial control, variable pitch primary frequency regulation and secondary frequency regulation of doubly fed induction generator. Finally, this paper uses PSCAD/EMTDC software to simulate an actual example, verifying rationality and validity of the proposed scheme.