考虑机组组合的梯级水电站短期调峰MILP模型

A Compact MILP Model for Short-Term Peak Shaving of Cascaded Hydropower Plants Considering Unit Commitment

为缓解日益增大的电网调峰压力和满足愈发复杂的水电并网和调度需求,构建了一种能够考虑机组状态的梯级水电站短期调峰模型。该模型以机组为基本调度单元,以电网剩余负荷最大值最小为目标,综合考虑了水库运行约束、电网安全约束、机组运行限制和不同水头对机组发电效率的影响,实现了精细化调度。针对模型中的调峰目标函数、机组发电水头、机组运行组合振动区以及机组动力特性曲线等非线性因素,提出了相应的线性化处理策略,将原模型转换为标准混合整数线性规划（mixed integer linear programming,MILP）模型,然后使用商业优化软件包LINGO对模型进行求解。以乌江干流梯级水电站为研究对象的计算实例表明,该模型具有较高的求解精度和计算效率,调峰效果十分显著。

To relieve growing peaking regulation pressure on power gird and meet complex demand for scheduling of grid-connected units, this paper formulates a short-term peak shaving model for cascaded hydropower plants, taking operation status of units into account. In this model, hydropower units are taken as basic dispatching unit and minimizing maximum residual load of power grid is adopted as objective. And hydraulic constraints, power system security constraints, unit operation constraints and water head effect on power generation of individual unit are all taken into account to obtain precise scheduling. With linearization of nonlinear objective, constraints related to water head, restricted operating zone constraint and unit performance curves, the developed model conforms to standard mixed integer linear programming（MILP） formulation. Then the model is solved with LINGO, a commercial optimization software package. The compact MILP model is applied to the short-term operation of four cascaded hydropower plants located in Wujiang River. Results demonstrate that the proposed model has a significant effect on peak shaving and high efficiency in computation.