女性不孕症患者病耻感水平及影响因素的调查研究

The investigation on the status and relevant factors of stigma in female patients with infertility

目的调查女性不孕症患者病耻感水平,并分析其影响因素。方法应用方便抽样法,选择2016年11月—2017年1月在北京市某三级甲等医院和某二级甲等专科医院的生殖医学中心门诊就诊的310例女性不孕症患者作为研究对象,使用一般资料调查表、女性不孕症患者羞辱感量表、生育问题调查问卷、家庭关怀度指数问卷、一般自我效能感量表进行问卷调查。结果女性不孕症患者病耻感得分为(67.93±17.24)分。多元线性逐步回归分析结果显示,不孕相关压力和面对询问是否不回避并合理应对是女性不孕症患者病耻感水平的影响因素,两者共解释了44.4%的总变异。结论女性不孕症患者的病耻感处于中等水平,医护人员应当关注女性不孕症患者病耻感的影响因素,包括不孕相关压力和面对询问是否不回避,制订有针对性的干预措施帮助其合理应对不孕症。

Objective To investigate the status of stigma and its relevant factors in female patients with infertility in Beijing. Methods From November 2016 to January 2017,totally 310 female patients with infertility were selected from two hospitals via convenience sampling method and were investigated using self-designed general information questionnaire,Infertility Stigma Scale,Fertility Problem Inventory,Family APGAR and General Self-Efficacy Scale Index to explore the levels and relevant factors of stigma. Results The total score of stigma for female patients with infertility was 67.93± 17.24. The multiple regression analysis showed that infertility-related stress and coping style to infertility-related questions were relevant factors of stigma,which explained 44.4% of the total variance. Conclusion The overall level of stigma in female patients with infertility was at middle level. Medical staff should pay attention to relevant factors of stigma in female patients with infertility（infertility-related stress and coping style to infertility-related questions）and develop targeted intervention.