跨文化视域下蒙汉语言的“马”族词隐喻对比研究

The Comparative Study of “Horse” Metaphors in Mongolian and Chinese from the Cross-cultural Perspective

蒙、汉两种语言中以马为喻体的隐喻性词语数量丰富,两者之间存在着很多偶合,表现出蒙、汉两个民族文化的重合性;并且蒙、汉两种语言中的"马"族词隐喻的不对称现象,又反映了蒙汉两个民族在生产生活方式、风俗习惯、价值观念等方面的差异性。蒙、汉都是同一个民族大家庭中的成员,历史上两个民族在经济、政治、文化等各个方面的接触和交往十分密切,加之,马在古代无论对蒙古族还是对汉族而言,都占据着非常重要的地位,语言作为观察社会的"窗口",对蒙汉两种语言的"马族词"隐喻情况进行对比研究,就可看到两个民族在这些方面相互借鉴、交流和吸收的历史过程和规律以及未来发展前景。

In Mongolian and Chinese, there are many metaphorical words about "horse". The coincide between the two languages reflect repeatability of cultural identity of Mongolian and Han nationalities; The asymmetry phenomenon reflects the variations between the two nationalities, such as production method and life style, manners and customs, value concepts…They are the members of Chinese national family, in history, Mongolian had close contacted with Han nationality in economic, political, cultural and other fields. In addition, horse played an important role on life of the two nationalities in ancient times. Language observes society as a window. The contrastive study of metaphorical research of "horse" words group can see the historical process and rules of learn from each other, exchange and absorption between the two nationalities in these areas and the future development prospects.