苏州市产后抑郁症发生率及危险因素

Investigation of the Morbidity and Risk Factors of Postpartum Depression in Suzhou

目的探讨苏州地区产后抑郁症的发病率及危险因素。方法选自南京医科大学附属苏州医院本部产科及所属四大社区2016年1月-2016年2月建卡的孕妇为研究对象，共848例。采用自编产后抑郁危险因素调查问卷收集数据。采用综合医院焦虑／抑郁量表（HAD）在孕3个月及6个月评估孕妇心理状况，采用爱丁堡产后抑郁量表（EPDS）在产后42d评估产后产妇心理状况，EPDS评分高于13分，提示存在产后抑郁。结果848例中，产后抑郁检出率5．90％（50／848）。多因素回归分析示孕6个月焦虑、遗传病、月子睡眠差、月子不愉快、怀孕计划、孕期睡眠差、参加孕妇学校次数、家庭收入与产后抑郁发病相关。结论苏州地区产后抑郁症发病率相对偏低，参加孕妇学校、经济收入高可以减少产后抑郁的发生，产妇孕期焦虑、不愉快事件、睡眠差等因素可增加产后抑郁的发生可能。

Objective To study the morbidity and risk factors of postpartum depression in Suzhou. Methods We selected pregnant women from the department of obstetrics in Suzhou Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University and four community health service centres from January to February in 2016 who come to establish medical records as the research object, a total of 848 cases. The data were collected by questionnaire of postpartum depression risk factors investigation. Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale （HAD） and Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale （EPDS） were used to evaluate anxiety and depressive symptoms of women in 3th an 6th months during pregnant and 42th days after delivering. The cut off scores of depressive symptoms of EPDS was 13. Results The incidence of postpartum depression was 5.9% （50/848） among 848 deliveries. There were 8 factors associated with postpartum depression significantly according to multi-factor analysis. They were anxious in 6th months during pregnant, having genetic disorders, poor sleep during confinement, poor sleep during pregnancy, unpleasant event during confinement, unplanned pregnancy, numbers of attendance to pregnant women school and family income. Conclusion The incidence of postpartum depression in Suzhou area is relatively low. Pregnant women school education, high income can reduce the incidence of postpartum depression. Anxiety, unpleasant events during pregnancy, maternal poor sleep can increase the possibility of the occurrence of postpartum depression.