柯尔克孜族儿童青少年2010年与2014年生长发育水平的比较

Comparison of the growth and development of Kirgiz children and adolescents between 2010 and 2014

目的了解新疆柯尔克孜族中小学生2010年和2014年的身体形态状况、变化及原因,为提高柯尔克孜族学生体质健康水平提供依据。方法利用参加2010年和2014年全国学生体质与健康调研的新疆柯尔克孜族中小学生形态指标数据,对7~18岁柯尔克孜族学生的身高、体重、胸围等指标进行比较及统计分析。结果与2010年比较,2014年柯尔克孜族男女生各年龄组3项指标均不同程度的增长。柯尔克孜族男生身高、体重、胸围等三项指标的平均增长值分别为1.7cm,2.5kg和0.3cm;女生分别为1.4cm,1.9kg和1.9cm。男生身高和体重增长的幅度总体高于女生,女生胸围增长幅度明显快于男生。不同年度7~18岁同年龄组比较,多数年龄组差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05或<0.01)。结论2014年新疆7~18岁柯尔克孜族学生的身体形态均保持增长,但与全国平均水平比较依然存在较大的差距,应加强重视,采取有效措施,提高柯尔克孜族学生生长发育水平。

Objective To understand the status,changes and causes of the body shape of primary and middle school students of Kirgiz nationality in Xinjiang in 2010 and 2014,and to provide basis for improving the physical health of Kirgiz students. Methods Data were from students who participated in the 2010 and 2014 National Student Physique and Health Survey in Xinjiang.Height,body weight and chest circumference of students aged 7 to 18 were compared. Results Height,body weight and chest circumferenceof Kirgiz boys in 2014 increased than those in 2010.The average growth values of height,body weight and chest circumference of Kirgiz male students were 1.7 cm,2.5 kg and 0.3 cm,and those values in female students were 1.4 cm,1.9 kg and 1.9 cm,respectively.The increases of height and body weight in boys was higher than those in girls,and the increase of girls′chest circumference was faster than that in boys.There were some significant differences on height,body weight and chest circumference in the age group of 7-18 years old among different years（P〈0.05 or 0.01）. Conclusions The body shape of Kirgiz students aged 7-18 is growing in Xinjiang,but there is still a large gap with the national average level.So more attention should be paid to take effective measures in order to improve the growth and development of Kirghiz students.