跨学科合作模式下的交叉科学测度研究——以ESI社会科学领域高被引学者为例

Interdisciplinarity Measurement Based on Interdisciplinary Collaborations: A Case Study on Highly Cited Researchers of ESI Social Sciences

交叉科学作为当代科学发展的时代特征和提高科技创新能力的重要途径,其特有的复杂性决定了科学合作必然成为交叉科学研究主流的科学活动模式。本文探索性地提出了基于合著机构地址提取学科分类的方法,从而测度科学合作中的不同学科机构之间的学科交叉程度。以2014—2016年连续入选社会科学总领域的高被引学者研究成果为例,探索不同学科的机构合作是否有助于产生交叉科学成果。实证研究结果表明:跨学科的机构合作对交叉科学成果的产出具有一定的促进作用,但不同合作机构的跨学科程度产出的交叉科学研究成果之间存在差异。研究结果为学科交叉的管理机制和相关科技评价政策的制定提供了一种新的思路。

The possibilities of scientific gains and innovation through interdisciplinary research （IDR） are oI increas- ing interest to both academics and policy-makers. The unique complexity of interdisciplinarity determines that scien- tific collaboration inevitably becomes the mainstream pattern of scientific activity. This study explores a method of identity disciplines from the co-author＇s institutions to measure the interdisciplinary degree of different disciplines in scientific collaboration. Considering the publications of ＂highly cited researchers＂ for three consecutive years from 2014 to 2016 in the ＂social sciences, general＂ field in ESI （Essential Science Indicators） as an example, it is helpful to explore whether the institutional collaboration of different disciplines contributes to interdisciplinary outputs. Results show that interdisciplinary institutional collaboration plays a certain role in promoting the outputs of interdisciplinary research; however, there are differences between the interdisciplinary research outputs of different institution collaborations. The empirical results provide a new perspective on the theory of interdisciplinarity, the decision-making management mechanism, and the scientific policy in favor of interdisciplinarity.