3Meyer H J, Wilke H. Treatment strategies in gastric cancer [ J ] Dtsch Arztebl Int, 2011, 108(41 ) : 698 -706.
4Ferrone S, Whiteside T L. Tumor and immune escape[J]. Surg Oncol Clin N Am, 2007, 16(4) :755 -74.
5Malaspina T S, Gasparoto T H, Costa M R, et al. Enhanced pro- grammed death 1 (PD-1) and PD-1 ligand ( PD-L1 ) expression in patients with actinic cheilitis and oral squamous cell carcinoma [ J]. Cancer Immunol Immunother, 2011,60(7) :965 -74.
6Konishi J, Yamazaki K, Azuma M, et al. B7-H1 expression on non-small cell lung cancer cells and its relationship with tumor-in- filtrating lymphoeytes and their PD-1 expression [ J ]. Clin Cancer Res, 2004, 10(15): 5094-100.
7Greene, Frederick L, ed. AJCC cancer staging manual [ M . Springer Science & Business Media, 2002.
8Mu C Y, Huang J A, Chen Y, et al. High expression of PD-L1 in lung cancer may contribute to poor prognosis and tumor cells im- mune escape through suppressing tumor infiltrating dendritic ceils maturation[J]. Med Oncol, 2011,28(3):682 -8.
9Kantekure K, Yang Y, Raghunath P, et al. Expression patterns of the immunosuppressive proteins PD-1/CD279 and PD-L1/CD274 at different stages of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma/mycosis fungoidcs [ J]. Am J Dermatopathol,2012, 34( 1 ) : 126 - 8.
10Shi E, Shi M, Zeng Z, et al. PD-1 and PD-L1 upregulation pro- motes CD8 ( + ) T-cell apoptosis and postoperative recurrence in hepatocellular carcinoma patients [ J]. Int J Cancer, 2010, 128 (4) :877 -96.