基于比例积分微分控制的车辆主动悬架仿真研究

Simulation Study on Vehicle Active Suspension Based on PID Control

建立二自由度1/4车辆主动悬架动力学模型,选用C级路面作为输入信号,将比例积分微分(PID)控制方法应用于主动悬架对车身加速度进行控制,基于Matlab/Simulink软件对车辆主动悬架进行仿真研究,并与被动悬架进行对比。通过研究得到了车身加速度、轮胎动位移、悬架动行程这三个重要参数的评价曲线图,结果表明,PID控制下的主动悬架能够更好地衰减振动,使车辆行驶的平稳性、用户乘坐的舒适性及司机操作的稳定性得到提升。

A kinetic model of a 2-DOF 1/4 vehicle active suspension was established. Selected Grade Croad surface as the input signal and appled PID control to the active suspension to control the acceleration of the vehicle body. Based on Matlab/Simulink software, the simulation of vehicle active suspension was studied and compared with passive suspension. The evaluation curves of the three important parameters i.e. the vehicle acceleration, dynamic tire displacement, and suspension travel were obtained through the study. The results show that the active suspension under PID control can have a hetter damped vibration, which can improve the running stability of the vehicles, the eomfortability for the passengers and the operational stahility for the drivers.