服务贸易自由化程度对企业出口决策的影响探析

The Impact Analysis of Service Liberalization on Firms' Export Decisions

文章采用三种指标衡量中国服务贸易自由化程度,运用2000~2007年中国制造业企业生产和贸易数据,全面考察中国服务贸易自由化对企业出口决策的影响。研究结果表明,服务贸易自由化显著提高了企业出口概率和出口密集度。而异质性分析结果则提示金融、分销、商业服务等新型服务贸易自由化的出口促进作用更大,同时外资企业、东部企业、高服务使用率企业以及高生产率企业在服务贸易自由化中受益更大。通过考察地区制度环境对服务贸易自由化与企业出口相关关系的影响,发现更为开放完善的地区制度环境强化了服务贸易自由化对企业出口的正向促进作用。此外,文章还引入生存分析模型,深入考察服务贸易自由化与企业出口持续期之间的因果效应。研究结果表明,服务贸易自由化显著延长了企业出口持续期。

By using the data of production and trade of Chinese manufacturing enterprises from 2000 to 2007,this paper uses three indicators to measure the degree of liberalization of China's service trade to examine the impact of China's service trade liberalization on the firms'export Behavior.The results show that the service liberalization increases the export probability and export intensity of enterprises.However,the results of heterogeneity analysis prompt us those modern service departments such as finance,distribution and business services have a greater effect,while foreign enterprises,eastern enterprises,high service-used enterprises and high-productivity enterprises benefit from service liberalization most.By examining the influence of institutional environment on the relationship between service liberalization and enterprises'export,we find that a more open and perfect institutional environment strengthens the positive role of service liberalization in export promotion.In addition,by introducing the survival analysis model,we also examine the causal effect between service liberalization and the export duration.The results show that service liberalization significantly prolongs the export duration of enterprises.