青钱柳地理种源生长差异及速生优良种源初步筛选

Analysis on growth difference of Cyclocarya paliurus from different provenances and selection of fast-growing provenances at early age

本文对江西、湖南、湖北、广东及贵州等5省共15个青钱柳地理种源的生长差异进行分析,结果表明青钱柳种源的平均保存率为89.7%,在种源间存在极显著差异,其中保存率最高的为江西修水种源,为96.5%;保存率最低的为湖北五峰种源,仅为81.6%。调查结果还发现青钱柳在地径生长上,其变化幅度整体高于树高和冠幅;15个地理种源间,以湖北神农架种源的树高变异系数最大,说明该种源青钱柳个体间在幼林期表现更大的生长差异,万年青钱柳种源的树高变异系数最小,仅为7.28%,说明该种源个体间在树高生长上的分化程度更趋于一致;贵州凯里种源的地径及冠幅的变异系数最高,分别为35.10%、9.35%,说明该种源在幼林期时表现出较高的个体生长差异,遗传变异程度较高。综合考虑树高、地径及冠幅的生长指标,宜丰、万年及修水种源表现较好,其中宜丰种源表现最好。宜丰种源的平均树高、地径分别达到208.6 cm、27.729 mm,树高生长较万年种源和修水种源分别提高14.43%、20.86%;地径生长较万年种源和修水种源分别提高10.80%和16.20%;且该种源内的个体间生长差异较小,均匀度相对较高,是15个地理种源中造林时的首选种源。

The differences in growth of 15 provenances of Cyclocarya paliurus among the 5 provinces including Jiangxi,Hunan, Hubei, Guangdong and Guizhou were analyzed. The results showed that the average survival rate of C. paliurus provenances was 89.7%, there were significant differences among provenances. The highest was Xiushui of Jiangxi Province,arrived at 96.5% in all; the lowest was Wufeng of Hubei provenances, just only 81.6%. The results also showed that the amplitude of diameter growth was higher than the height and crown width. In 15 geographical provenances, the coefficient of variation of tree high in Shennongjia of Hubei provenances was highest, it showed that there existed more differences among the individual in young stage; the coefficient of variation of tree high in Wannian of Jiangxi provenances was lowest, only7.28%, which shows that the tree high growth tends to be more consistent. While the variation coefficient of diameter and crown in Kaili of Guizhou Provenance was highest in all, respectively 35.10% and 9.35%, it showed that the higher differences among the individuals in young stage, lead to the higher degree of genetic variation. Considering the growth index including tree height, diameter and crown width in all, the provenances of Yifeng, Xiushui and Wannian had a better performance. And Yifeng provenance was better than the others. The average tree height and diameter reached 208.6 cm and27.729 mm, respectively increased 14.43% and 20.86% than Wannian and Xiushui provenances. The diameter growth was increased 10.80% and 16.20% than Wannian and Xiushui provenances, respectively. In addition, the growth differences among the individuals was fewer, relatively high uniformity, which was preferred the source of afforestation of 15 geographical provenances in this paper.