汽车覆盖件冲模焊接修复工艺研究

Study on the welding-repair process of stamping die for automobile cover panel

针对汽车覆盖件冲模补焊修复过程出现的裂纹、气孔、咬边及硬度不足等缺陷,介绍了冲模的材料成分及性能,总结了模具修复过程中常见焊接缺陷的产生机理及改进措施。在此基础上,根据模具不同部位的硬度、耐磨性等工艺要求,详细阐述了拉深模、修边模、整形模修补过程选择的焊材与焊接工艺,并以某车型前门内板拉深模为载体进行试验验证,结果表明,采用镍系焊条打底与硬质合金焊丝盖面的焊接工艺可获得良好的焊缝质量,满足拉深模成形零件的质量要求,为汽车覆盖件冲模零件的焊接修复提供借鉴。

In order to solve the defects such as crack, gas holes, undercut and lack of hard- ness performance that were found in the repair process of the stamping die for automobile cover panels, the material composition and properties of stamping die were presented and the forming mechanism of common welding defects in the die-repairing process and corre- sponding improvement measures were summarized. On the basis, according to the hard- ness, wear resistance of different part and other technological requirements, the selection of welding material and welding process in the repair process of drawing die, trimming die and restriking die were elaborated in detail. The project was verified by a drawing die for front door inner panel. The test results showed that a good welding quality could be ob- tained by the welding process that nickel-based welding rod as substrate and cemented car- bide solder wire as coverage, which met the forming quality requirements of drawing die. It could provide a reference for welding-repair of stamping die for automobile cover panels.