马来西亚传统与辅助医药30年回顾与展望

Retrospect and Prospect of Malaysia Traditional and Complementary Medicine in Thirty Years

马来西亚的传统与辅助医药(Traditional and Complementary Medicine,T&CM)指以传统医学和辅助医学为主的医学,其体系由传统医学、辅助医学、顺势疗法及伊斯兰教医学组成,而传统医学包括马来传统医学、中医学和印度传统医学。2001年《传统与辅助医药的国家政策》明确指定马来西亚政府(以下简称"政府")从临床、药物、科研和教育这4个领域推动发展,协助体现传统与辅助医药在卫生、经济和社会中的价值。2007年政府首次将传统与辅助医药服务纳入政府公立医院服务体系,为促使传统与辅助医药成为马来西亚国家卫生体系中重要环节,迈向关键的第一步。《传统与辅助医药法令》(T&CM Act 2016)于2016年8月1日生效。随着各种立法,30年来传统与辅助医药的临床、医药、教育从行业自我管理过渡至立法管制;科研则从本地研究走向国际合作化研究。传统与辅助医药的作用随着全球化的大趋势,正在从维护国民健康的初衷,提升与拓展成国家经济增长的新热点和国家级文化遗产。

The Traditional and Complementary Medicine（ TCM） in Malaysia is based on traditional and complementary medicine,including traditional medicine,complementary medicine,homeopathy and Islamic medical practice. Traditional medicine includes Malaysian traditional medicine,Chinese medicine and India traditional medicine. The National Policy of Traditional and Complementary Medicine published in 2001 had proposed the government of Malaysia（ hereinafter referred to as government） to facilitate the four main fields of the policy covering the following areas： practice,product,research and education,which also supported the identification of its health,economic and social benefits. The establishment of the first TCM unit in public hospital in 2007 signifies that the government had taken the crucial first step in establishing TCM as an important component of the Malaysian national healthcare system. The Traditional and Complementary Medicine Act 2016 has taken effect on August 1st 2016. For the past thirty years,the TCM practice,products and education had undergone the process of transformation from self-regulation to statutory regulation,while local research had advanced towards international collaborations. The globalization trend had been transforming and extending the potential of TCM from the initial objective of healthcare optimization into new sources of economic growth and national heritage.