先天性脊柱侧凸合并先天性肾脏和尿路畸形的临床概述

Congenital scoliosis accompanied with congenital anomalies of the kidney and urinary Tract-a review

近年来,先天性脊柱侧凸逐渐被学者们公认为是一种合并多系统畸形性疾病,先天性肾脏和尿路畸形是其最常见的畸形之一。然而,与其他系统畸形不同,先天性肾脏和尿路畸形由于位置隐匿,多为良性疾病,不出现临床症状或临床症状出现晚,亦不影响脊柱侧凸的诊疗,因而在临床上常常被忽视。由于先天性肾脏和尿路畸形患者更易并发感染、结石和梗阻性尿路病,甚至发展成慢性肾脏病和终末期肾病,因此在临床上应受到重视。加强随访、注意保护、及时干预是改善预后、避免肾功能损伤的重要措施。

Congenital seoliosis （CS） is gradually being considered as a disease with multiple system deformities in recent years. Among them, the congenital anomalies of the kidney and urinary tract （CAKUT） are the most commonly accompanied with CS. However, different from other system malformation, CAKUT is usually no clinical signs or clinical symptoms appearing late due to the location hidden and benign feature, which typically has no impact on therapy of the CS, Therefore, most CAKUT might be ignored by orthopedic clinician. In spite of this, the patient with CAKUT is highly susceptible to urinary tract infection, stone formation, obstructive uropathy, even chronic kidney disease or end-stage renal disease, more attention should be paid to CAKUT. Reinforcing interview, intensive protection and early intervention are the key cornerstones to improve clinical prognosis, avoid renal functional impairment.