表演教学中“体验”的技术训练再思考

A Reflection on the Skill of “Experiencing” in Actor Training

表演是体验的艺术。任何表演创作上的失败从根源上深究,都会找到体验方面的诸多问题。在表演教学中,体验并非仅指演员能把在亲历亲为之后所产生的情感,重新移植到假定的情境之中,它更强调演员要把昏睡的身心唤醒,对外界时刻保有灵敏度和感知力,让体验能力时刻在线,从而在戏剧情境中能对相关刺激产生真实而鲜活的反应。教师要想增强学生的体验能力,提高学生的创作水平,除了通过传统的"观察生活练习"这一有效手段之外,还应该多开发新的技术训练,让学生从演员素质训练开始,直到角色创造完成结束,都有体验的深度参与。

Performing art is the art of experiencing. All failures in performing trace back to various problems of experiencing. In actor training, experiencing means not only the actor＇s ability to transfer his or her personal experiences to certain hypothetical circumstances, but also the ability to awaken his or her own body and heart so as to remain sensitive and alert to the surroundings and respond accurately to the incitements in the theatrical contexts. To improve the experiencing and performing abilities of the students, the coach may need more training techniques than the traditional and effective exercise of ＂observing life＂. The coach should involve the students to a great degree from the fundamental trainings to the completion of the character.