制油工艺对葡萄籽油酚类物质及其抗氧化活性的影响

Effects of oil extraction processes on polyphenols and antioxidant activity of grape seed oil

以葡萄籽为原料,分别采用亚临界流体萃取法、超临界CO_2萃取法、溶剂浸提法、冷榨法和热榨法提取葡萄籽油,研究不同制油工艺对葡萄籽油酚类物质及其抗氧化活性的影响。结果表明:亚临界油多酚含量最高,总酚含量为418.56 mg/kg,类黄酮含量为155.60 mg/kg,黄烷-3-醇含量为75.50 mg/kg;超临界油多酚含量最低,总酚、类黄酮和黄烷-3-醇含量分别为23.15、0.87、5.81 mg/kg。对葡萄籽油中7种单体酚定量分析可知,亚临界油酚类物质含量相对其他工艺普遍偏高,其没食子酸、表儿茶素、儿茶素含量分别为625.09、650.35、565.40μg/100 g;热榨油的原儿茶酸含量最高,为541.56μg/100 g。DPPH、ABTS、ORAC和Fe^(3+)还原实验表明,亚临界油抗氧化活性最强;除原儿茶酸外,葡萄籽油酚类物质与抗氧化活性呈显著正相关性。

The grape seed oils were prepared by subcritical fluid extraction, supercritical CO2 extraction, solvent extraction, cold pressing and hot pressing, and the effects of oil extraction processes on polyphe- nols and antioxidant activity of grape seed oil were studied. The results showed that the polyphenol content in subcritical oil was the highest, and the contents of total phenols, flavonoids and flavan - 3 - alco- hol were 418.56, 155.60 mg/kg and 75.50 mg/kg, respectively. The polyphenol content in supercritical oil was the lowest, and the contents of total phenols, flavonoids and flavan -3 -alcohol were 23.15, 0. 87 mg/kg and 5.81 mg/kg, respectively. Quantitative analysis of seven mono -phenols in grape seed oil showed that compared with other oil extraction processes, the mono -phenols contents in subcritical oil were higher, and the contents of gallic acid, epicatechin and catechin were 625.09,650.35 μg/100 g and 565.40 μg/100 g. The protocatechuic acid content in hot pressed oil was the highest, which was 541.56 μg/100 g. DPPH, ABTS, ORAC and Fe^3＋ reduction experiments showed that the antioxidant activity of subcritical oil was the highest. Except for protocatechuic acid, the polyphenols of grape seed oilwere significantly and positively correlated with antioxidant activity.