不同含量磷虾粉等量替代鱼粉对加州鲈生长性能及部分生理生化指标的影响

Effects of different contents of krill meal equally replacing fish meal on growth performance,physiological and biochemical indexes of micropterus salmoides

本试验旨在研究加州鲈配合饲料中,利用磷虾粉等量替代鱼粉,比较不同试验饲料对加州鲈生长性能,抗氧化功能以及肌肉营养成分的影响。在含60%鱼粉的基础饲料中分别用磷虾粉等量替代0%(L1)、10%(L2)、20%(L3)、30%(L4)、40%(L5)、50%(L6)、60%(L7)鱼粉,每组设4个重复,每个重复30尾鱼。试验鱼初始均重为(95.32±0.77)g/尾,养殖周期为60 d。结果显示:(1)随着磷虾粉替代鱼粉水平的上升,加州鲈的增重率随之降低,其中60%磷虾粉替代组显著低于对照组和10%~30%磷虾粉替代组(P<0.05),而饲料系数显著高于对照组和10%磷虾粉替代组(P<0.05),肥满度以20%、30%磷虾粉替代组较高,各组间差异不显著(P>0.05)。(2)20%、30%磷虾粉替代组的SOD、POD和GOT的活力显著高于对照组(P<0.05);各组GPT活力以及MDA含量没有显著差异(P>0.05),各组肝脏中粗脂肪和肝糖原的含量均无显著差异。(3)与对照组相比,各试验组加州鲈鱼体肌肉中的水分,灰分和粗脂肪的含量没有显著差异(P>0.05),而粗蛋白质的含量呈现先升高后降低的趋势,10%、20%磷虾粉替代组显著高于60%替代组(P<0.05);10%磷虾粉替代组显著提高了肌肉中必需氨基酸以及非必需氨基酸的含量(P<0.05),L2与L5组肌肉中呈味氨基酸占总氨基酸的含量高于对照组(P>0.05)。结果表明,磷虾粉是优质的蛋白源,适量替代鱼粉可以提高加州鲈的生长性能,抗氧化功能以及肌肉口感风味,建议加州鲈配合饲料中磷虾粉的添加量为10%~30%。

To investigate the effects of dietary kriI1 meal on growth performance,antioxidant function and muscle nutritional components of Micropterus salmoides, fish meal was equally replaced by differ- ent contents of krill meal. Seven diets were formulated to replace the basic feed of 60% fish meal. The replacement proportions of krill meal were as follows respectively： 0% （L1, control）, 10% （L2）, 20% （L3）, 30% （L4）, 40% （LS）, 50% （L6）, 60%（L7）, All of the groups were fed to quadruplicate treatments of 30 juveniles for 60 days. The initial weight of （95.32±0.77） g. The results showed that： ① with the increasing of krill meal subsititution proportion for fish meal, compared with L1, L2, L3 and L4, the weight gain rate of L7 significantly decreased（P〈0.05）; On the contrary , feed coefficient feed intake rate was significantly higher than the L1 and L2 offertility and no differences between the groups （P〈0.05）. The L3 and L4 groups had a higher degree （P〉0.05）. ②The activity of SOD, POD and GOT inliver of L3, L4 was significantly higher than the control （P〈0.05）, but activity of GPT and MDA contents in liver was no significantly comparing with the control group （P〉0.05）. There was no significant difference between the content of crude lipid and liver glycogen. @ No ash contents in muscle of substitution significant differences were found groups compared with those of L1 in moisture, crude lipid and （P〉O.05）, but the crude pro- tein in muscle of L2 and L3 showed significantly higher than L7 （P〈O.05）. Significantly improved the content of TEAA and NEAA in the L2（P〈0.05）, The ratio content of FAA to the content TAA of mus- cle in L2 and L5 groups was higher than that in control group （P〉0.05）. These results indicated that krill meal is a good source of protein, the dietary supplementation with krill meal equivalent to replace fish meal extract could enhance growth performance, antioxidant and improved meat quality and flavor of Micropterus salmoides, and the suitable level of dietary krill meal was10%-30%.