稻草基质育秧的氮肥管理对水稻秧苗素质的影响

Effects of Nitrogen Fertilizer Management on Seedling Quality in Raising Seedling with Rice Straw Substrate

为了明确稻草基质培育水稻秧苗的适宜氮肥管理方法,探讨了不同基质施氮量和不同施氮方法对水稻秧苗素质的影响。结果表明,稻草基质所育水稻秧苗素质优于对照商品基质。随着稻草基质施氮量的增加,出苗率下降,成秧率和植株全氮含量以100 L基质施纯氮90 g的处理最高,而秧苗干重和秧苗叶绿素SPAD值呈增加趋势,秧苗素质提高,移栽大田后11~20 d分蘖速率增加。稻草基质育秧的施氮量,以100 L稻草基质中施纯氮90 g较适宜。将稻草基质中部分氮肥后移作为离乳肥施用,对水稻秧苗素质没有明显影响,但不利于促进栽后生长。

To clarify the appropriate nitrogen fertilizer management in raising seedlings by rice straw substrate, the effects of nitrogen fertilizer rate in substrate and fertilizing method on the quality of rice seedlings were studied. The results showed that the seedling quality of rice straw substrate was better than that of the commercial contrast substrate. With the increase of nitrogen fertilizer rate in straw substrate, the seedling rate decreased, but the adult seedling rate and the total nitrogen content of plant increased first and then decreased（The treatment of 90 g of pure nitrogen application per 100 L of substrate had the maximal values）, the seedling dry weight and chlorophyll SPAD value had an increasing trend, indicating a better seedling quality, and increased tillering rate during 11-20 days after transplanting. The optimal nitrogen fertilizer rate was found to be 90 g of pure nitrogen application per 100 L of substrate. When a part of nitrogen application in substrate was delayed to be applied as the weaning fertilizer（applied 3 days before transplanting）, it did not show much difference in seedling quality traits but was unfavorable to the seedling growth after transplanting.