增氧型包衣剂对直播杂交稻种子发芽和成苗的影响

Effects of Oxygenated Coating Agents on Seed Germination and Seedling Emergence of Direct-seeding Hybrid Rice

直播是国内外普遍应用的水稻轻简高效栽培模式,提高直播稻的发芽率和出苗率一直是该领域的重要研究方向。选用5个籼型杂交稻品种为试验材料,以不包衣处理C为对照,探讨2种增氧型包衣剂配方A和配方B对低氧条件下直播籼型杂交水稻种子发芽和成苗特性的影响。结果表明,低氧条件下,与对照相比,2种增氧型包衣剂配方处理对5个籼型直播杂交稻的发芽和成苗能力均有显著改善,且配方B优于配方A;经配方B处理后,发芽势和发芽率分别提高了21.00~44.67和14.00~26.33个百分点,叶龄增加了0.37~0.74叶,苗高、根数、叶面积和地上部干重分别提高了25.52%~104.44%、17.28%~55.95%、4.36%~79.95%和36.76%~96.36%,叶绿素含量和根系活力分别增加了21.86%~49.30%和36.19%~87.21%。说明增氧型包衣剂可减轻低氧胁迫环境对种子的伤害,促迚直播杂交稻种子的发芽和幼苗的生长发育。

Direct seeding, a simplified and efficient manner of cultivation in rice, has been widely used at home and abroad. Improving the seed germination and seedling emergence has always been a main target for direct seeding rice. Using five indica hybrid rice varieties as the materials, the effects of two oxygenated coating agents（namely Formula A and Formula B） were compared with the control（Treatment C without seed coating） on seed germination and seedling emergence of direct-seeding indica hybrid rice under hypoxia stress conditions. The results showed that the tested five hybrid rice varieties all presented a sound performance on the characteristics of germination and seedling when treated with the oxygenated coating agents Formula A and Formula B under hypoxia stress conditions, and Formula B was better than Formula A. Compared with the control, the treatment of Formula B had an increase of 21.00%-44.67% for germination potential, 14.00% - 26.33% for germination rate, 0.37 - 0.74 leaves for leaf age, 25.52%-104.44% for seedling height, 17.28%-55.95% for the number of roots, 4.36%- 9.95% for leaf area, 36.76%-96.36% for shoot dry weight, 21.86%-49.30% for chlorophyll content and 36.19%-87.21% for root activity. Therefore, it is indicated that oxygenated coating agents can help to improve the tolerance of direct-seeding seeds against the hypoxia stress and enhance the seed germination and seedling emergence of direct-seeding hybrid rice.