长江流域汽车整车运输路径选择研究

Study on Path Selection of Finished Automobile Transport in Yangtze River Valley

为了避免汽车运输企业在运输方式和运输路径选择方面的盲目性和随机性,以载有汽车整车的滚装车公路运输及滚装船运输费用、时间及碳排放量为目标构建了多目标0-1规划模型。通过对公水联运网络进行转换,将公水联运网络的中转节点拆分成多个虚拟节点来构成公水联运虚拟网络图。由于公水联运过程中运输时间与转运时间具有不确定性,引入模糊数的概念来表示不确定的时间,且考虑了各个路段的拥挤度,提高了出行可靠性;在碳排放量模型构建中,根据不同燃料的吨公里消耗量、单位热值的含碳量及不同运输设备的碳氧化率建立了碳排放因子计算模型。运用Matlab程序设计改进的遗传算法求解出问题的非劣解集,通过对比蚁群算法、常规遗传算法与文中改进遗传算法的求解结果,得出文章算法的设计在求解效果上有一定的优势性,为长江沿线汽车整车运输方式及路径的选择提供一定的借鉴作用。

In order to avoid the blindness and randomness of transport modes and transport routes of the automobile transport enterprises, a multi-objective 0- 1 programming model of cost, time and carbon emissions of finished automobile road rolling transport and ro-ro ship transport is constructed. Based on the highway-waterway transport network conversion, the transfer node in the network is split into multiple virtual nodes to form a virtual highway-waterway transport network diagram. Due to the uncertainty of transport time and transit time in the highway-waterway transport process, the concept of fuzzy number is introduced to represent the uncertain time, and the congestion degree of each section is considered to improve the reliability of travel. In the construction of carbon emission model, the calculation model of carbon emission factor is established according to the consumption per ton-kilometer of different fuels, the carbon content per unit calorific value and the carbon oxidation rates of different transport equipment. The non-inferior solution set of the problem is solved by using the improved genetic algorithm designed by program. By comparing the results of the ant colony algorithm, the conventional genetic algorithm and the improved genetic algorithm, it is concluded that the algorithm design has certain advantages in solving the problem, which can provide a reference for the choice of finished automobile transport mode and oath along the Yangtze River.