光伏发电系统电池最大功率跟踪控制仿真

Simulation of Battery Maximum Power Tracking Control for Photovoltaic Power Generation System

光伏电池输出特性容易受外界环境变化影响,具有高度非线性、时变不确定的特征,为了提高光伏电池光电能量转换效率,需要进行最大功率点跟踪(MPPT)控制,使其输出功率始终保持最大。传统MPPT算法根据不同的逻辑判断跟踪最大功率,往往需要在速度和精度上做取舍,难以做到又快又准,也正是MPPT控制的难点技术所在。针对传统MPPT算法难以兼顾跟踪速度和跟踪精度的问题,提出一种基于模糊逻辑控制的光伏电池MPPT算法。通过设计模糊逻辑控制器并搭建控制器仿真模型,与两种传统MPPT算法进行对比仿真。仿真结果表明,模糊逻辑控制能够快速准确地锁定最大功率点范围,及时平稳地响应光照强度的突变,相比传统MPPT算法在跟踪速度和跟踪精度上都有一定的改善,具有良好的动态性能和稳态性能。

The output characteristics of PV cells are easily affected by the change of the external environment, which have the characteristics of high nonlinearity and time - varying uncertainty. In order to improve the photoelectric energy conversion efficiency of photovoltaic cells, it is necessary to carry out maximum power point tracking （MPPT） control, so that the output power of photovoltaic cells can maintain the maximum all the time. The traditional MPPT algorithm track the maximum power based on the different logical judgment, often has to make some trade - offs between speed and accuracy, and it is difficult to ensure the speed and accuracy. This is also the difficulty of MPPT control technology. Aiming at the problem that the traditional MPPT algorithm is difficult to take into account the tracking speed and tracking accuracy, a MPPT algorithm for PV cells based on fuzzy logic control was proposed. Through the design of the fuzzy logic controller and its simulation model, the simulation was compared with the two traditional MPPT methods. The simulation results show that the fuzzy logic control can quickly and accurately lock the maximum power point range, timely and smoothly respond to the abrupt change of light intensity. Compared with the traditional MPPT algorithm, the tracking speed and tracking accuracy are both improved, which has good dynamic performance and steady performance.