上海市长宁区2007—2016年户籍人口肺结核流行特征

Epidemic characteristics of pulmonary tuberculosis among registered population in Changning District of Shanghai, 2007-2016

目的了解上海市长宁区2007—2016年户籍人口肺结核病流行特征,为制定针对性防控策略提供依据。方法运用描述性流行病学方法对长宁区2007—2016年户籍人口肺结核疫情数据进行统计分析。结果 2007—2016年长宁区登记户籍人口肺结核患者1 085例,其中涂阳患者517例,年均肺结核登记率17.82/10万。2007—2016年长宁区户籍人口肺结核登记率从22.57/10万下降到14.23/10万,年递降率为4.50%,登记率呈下降的趋势(P<0.05)。登记的肺结核患者中男性和女性年均登记率分别为25.06/10万和10.71/10万,男女性别比为2.30∶1,两者之间差异有统计学意义(P<0.001)。报告患者人数8月份最高,12月至次年2月患者总数最低。患者主要集中在15岁及以上年龄段,占总患者数的99.72%;85岁及以上年龄组登记率最高,为40.51/10万。离退人员在所有登记发病人群中患者数最多。结论长宁区户籍人口肺结核登记率总体呈稳步下降趋势,男性、老年、离退人员、夏季等是长宁区肺结核高发因素,应加强对相应人群或因素的预防控制措施。。

Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of pulmonary tuberculosis （TB） among registered population in Changing District of Shanghai during 2007 to 2016, so as to provide the evidence for the prevention and control of tuberculosis. Methods The data of the reported pulmonary TB patients were gathered from the Chinese Tuberculosis Information Management System. The epidemiological characteristics of pulmonary tuberculosis in Changing District during 2007 to 2016 were analyzed using the descriptive epidemiologic method. Results A total of 1 085 pulmonary TB patients were registered in Changing District of Shanghai from 2007 to 2016 with the average pulmonary TB registration rate of 17.82/100 000, and 517 smear-positive tuberculosis patients were found among of them. The registration rate of pulmonary TB in Changing District during 2007 to 2016 decreased significantly from 22.57/100 000 to 14.23/100 000, with an annual descending rate of 4.50% （P〈0.05）. The average annual registration rates of male and female registered TB patients were respectively 25.06/100 000 and 10.71/100 000 with the male to female ratio of 2.30：1 （P〈0.001）. The number of TB patients reported was higher in summer season （peak in August） and less in winter season （from December to February）. 99.72% of the patients were over 15 years old, with a peak of 40.51/100 000 seen in the age group of more than 85 years old. Patients’ occupation analysis showed that the largest number of patients in all registered TB patients was the retirees. Conclusions The registration rate of TB presents a decreasing trend in Changning District. Male, elderly, retired personnel, summer, were under high risk that could cause the epidemics of TB. Recommendations should be targeted on these people for better TB prevention and control.