HIV感染者与AIDS患者感知歧视影响因素的横断面调查

Influencing factors of perceived stigma among people living with HIV/AIDS:a cross-sectional survey

目的了解HIV感染者与AIDS患者感知歧视的现状,并分析其影响因素。方法采用方便抽样,选取2017年4月至5月在成都市某三级甲等综合性医院感染科门诊就诊的123例HIV感染者与AIDS患者,使用Berger HIV感知歧视量表测量其感知歧视水平。结果 HIV感染者与AIDS患者感知歧视量表得分为113.72±17.89分,处于中等偏上水平;担心公开维度条目的平均分最高(3.07±0.46分),负面自我印象维度条目的平均分最低(2.70±0.49分);多因素分析结果提示,性别和自我感知健康状况是患者感知歧视的影响因素。结论 HIV感染者与AIDS患者感知歧视处于中等偏上水平,女性和自觉健康状况差的患者感知歧视水平更高,应采取针对性干预措施,以降低患者感知歧视水平。

Objective To investigate the level and influencing factors of perceived HIV stigma and discrimination among people living with HIV/AIDS （PLWHA）. Methods By using convenience sampling method, 123 patients were recruited from the department of infectious diseases in a tertiary hospital in Chengdu from April to May in 2017. Berger HIV stigma scale was used to measure the level of perceived HIV stigma. Results The mean score of Berger HIV stigma scale was 113.72±17.890, which revealed a middle to upper level. Among the four subscales, the score of disclosure concerns （3.07±0.462） was the highest, while the score of negative self-image （2.70±0.494） was the lowest. Multiple regression analysis showed that gender and self-perceived health status were the influencing factors of perceived HIV stigma. Conclusions The level of perceived HIV stigma among PLWHA is from middle to upper level. Female gender and poor self-perceived health status are associated with a higher level of perceived HIV stigma. Individualized interventions are required in order to reduce the level of HIV stigma.