中国科技成果“生产-转化”关键要素的系统评价

The key elements of technological achievements “production-transformation” in China:a systematic review

目的系统评价中国国内科技成果的质量评价指标和转化应用效果评价指标的研究,发现评价科技成果"生产-转化"的关键要素,为国内科技成果转化应用评价体系的构建提供方法学支持。方法计算机检索CNKI、WanFang Data、SinoMed和VIP数据库,检索时限均为建库至2016年12月,并辅以手工检索和文献追溯法收集相关研究。由2名研究者单独筛选文献和提取资料,采用描述性分析方法评价相关结果。结果共纳入18篇科技成果生产评价和12篇科技成果转化应用效果评价的相关研究。系统评价结果显示:科技成果生产质量评价从科技成果效益、特性、价值、效果、来源及投入5方面构建体系。科技成果转化应用评价从科技成果研发能力、转化能力和转化效果3方面构建体系。结论科技成果评价涵盖科技成果的质量评价和效果评价两个关键环节,二者互为因果、相辅相成。成果的价值要素贯穿于科技成果生产质量及转化应用两环节,主要体现为科学价值、学科价值、经济价值和社会价值等,围绕价值分析构建科技成果生产质量及转化应用效果的评价体系很必要。

ObjectiveTo systematically review studies on evaluating the quality evaluation index and the transformation application effect evaluation index of domestic related scientific and technological achievements, to analyze and identify the key elements of evaluating the ＂ production-transformation” of scientific and technological achievements, and to provide the methodological support for the establishment of evaluation system for the transformation and application of domestic scientific and technological achievements.MethodsWe searched CNKI, WanFang Data, SinoMed and VIP databases from inception to December 2016. In addition, manual retrieval and tracing references were also used to collect researches. Two reviewers screened literatures, extracted data, and descriptive analysis was performed to assess the results.ResultsA total of 18 studies on the production quality of the technological achievements and 12 studies on the transformation and application effect of the technological achievements were included. The results of systematic reviews showed that： the evaluation of production quality of technological achievements were mainly established from the benefits, characteristics, value, effect and source, and input of technological achievements; the evaluation of transformation and application of technological achievements were mainly established from researching and development ability, transforming ability and transformation effect of technological achievements.ConclusionsThe evaluation of technological achievements covers 2 key links： the production quality, transformation and application effect of technological achievements that are mutually complementary to each other. At the same time, the value elements are found in the production quality, transformation and application of technological achievements, namely scientific value, discipline value, economic value and social value. Therefore it is necessary to establish the evaluation of production quality, transformation and application effect of technological achievements based on the value.