低年资护士患者安全胜任力的现状调查及分析

Research on Patient Safety Competencies of junior nurses and its influencing factors

目的探讨低年资护士的患者安全胜任力水平及其影响因素,为低年资护士患者安全胜任力的培养提供理论依据。方法应用自行设计的一般资料问卷、患者安全胜任力护理人员自评量表，对247名低年资护士进行问卷调查。结果低年资护士患者安全胜任力总分为（126.74 ± 13.62）分，各维度得分中技能因素得分最低，为（25.23 ± 3.96）分，态度因素得分最高，为（22.28 ± 2.40）分；单因素分析结果显示，年龄、工作年限、工作科室、技术职称对患者安全胜任力的影响差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）；多因素分析结果显示，工作年限、工作科室是低年资护理人员患者安全胜任力的主要影响因素。结论低年资护士的患者安全胜任力总体水平良好，护理管理者及教育者应关注工作年限少、临床高风险科室工作护士的特点，干预可控因素，调整培训计划，增强低年资护士的患者安全胜任力，进一步提高护理服务质量。

Objective To investigate the influencing factors for patient safety competencies of junior nurses, and provide theoretical basis for the cultivation of patient safety competencies of junior nurses. Methods A total of 247 junior nurses were investigated by using the general information questionnaire and the patient safety competency self-rating scale of nurses, PSCSSN questionnaire. Results The gross score in patient safety competencies of junior nurses was （126.74 ± 13.62） points, they scored lowest on the skills factors, the score was （25.23±3.96） points, and they scored highest on the attitude factors, the score was （52.28±2.40） points. The Single factor analysis revealed that the influence on patient safety competencies of age, work experience, work department, technical titles were statistically significant （P〈0.05）. The multivariate analysis revealed that the factors impacting patient safety competencies were work experience, work department. Conclusions The patient safety competencies of junior nurses remains to be improved, and the nursing administrators and educators should pay more attention to the one lacking in work experience, intervene the controllable factors, make up the training gap, improve patient safety competencies and the quality of nursing service.