3D打印-凝胶注模制备蜂窝状Ti-6Al-4V多孔钛骨骼的研究

3D printing and gelcasting process of Ti-6Al-4V porous titanium bone

研究了一种通过3D扫描、3D打印并翻模制备多孔钛人体骨骼模型的方法：以Ti-6Al-4V粉末为原料,聚乙烯醇为造孔剂,通过水基凝胶注模-真空烧结制备出与原件尺寸偏差为±0.5 mm的多孔钛骨骼模型。研究了干燥、烧结过程的物相、收缩率、强度、孔隙率及孔隙结构变化。结果表明：整个凝胶注模干燥与真空烧结过程中多孔钛坯体收缩均匀一致,径向收缩率为16.11%,轴向收缩率为16.04%。经1 200℃烧结、保温2 h,多孔钛获得最佳性能,其组织呈现出均匀的蜂窝结构,孔径大小为100-350μm,微孔尺寸小于10μm,孔隙率为70.56%,开孔率为65.60%,抗压强度为194 MPa,抗弯强度为105 MPa,结构与性能都能够满足制作人体骨骼的使用要求。

The method for preparing porous titanium human bone model by 3D scanning,3D printing and turning mode was studied. The porous titanium bone model with an original size deviation of 0.5 mm was prepared by water-based gelcasting and vacuum sintering using Ti-6Al-4V powder as raw material and polyvinyl alcohol as pore former. Phase composition,shrinkage ratio,strength,porosity and pore structure change in the process of drying and sintering were investigated. The results show that,the body shrinkage is uniform in the gelcasting and vacuum sintering process,the radial shrinkage rate and axial shrinkage rate is 16.11% and 16.04%,respectively.The optimum performance is obtained at 1 200 ℃ for 2 hours. Under these conditions,the porous Ti has uniform honeycomb structure,pore size of 100-350 μm,micropore size of less than 10 μm,total porosity of 70.56%,open porosity of 65.60%,compressive strength of 194 MPa,and bending strength of 105 MPa. The structure and performance can both meet the requirement of making human skeleton.