阻燃型聚乳酸/苎麻复合材料的制备及性能

Preparation and Properties of Flame Retardant Polylactide/Ramie Composite

采用针刺工艺制备了聚乳酸/苎麻非织造纤维毡复合材料,重点采用热压法制备了阻燃型聚乳酸/苎麻非织造纤维板,通过力学性能测试、扫描电镜测试(SEM)、热重测试(TGA)和极限氧指数测试对非织造纤维板的主体结构进行了优化,并对其力学性能和阻燃性能进行了表征。结果表明,以苎麻含量40%的纤维毡为基础,选择面密度0.02kg/m2的聚乳酸非织造布为加强筋,所制备得到的复合纤维板具有最优化的综合性能;经热处理工艺及添加5%的阻燃剂后,可在保持轻量化的同时,显著提升非织造纤维板的力学性能、热稳定性和阻燃性能。

Flame retardant polylactide（ PLA）/ramie nonwoven fiberboard was prepared by needling process and the following hot-pressing. Mechanical property testing, SEM, TGA and limit oxygen index analyses had been mainly used to optimize the main structure of the nonwoven fiberboard, and to study its mechanical properties and flame retardance. The results showed that the fiberboard with the ramie fiber content of 40% and the PLA nonwoven fabric of area density 0.02 kg/cm2 as stiffener had the optimal structure. The heat treatment and addition of 5% flame retardant could not only keep the fiberboard lightweight enough, but also improve its mechanical properties, thermal stability and flame retardance.