HIV/AIDS患者歧视感知状况及影响因素分析

Investigation on perceived discrimination and its influencing factors among people living with HIV/AIDS

目的探讨HIV感染者/获得性免疫缺陷综合征(AIDS)患者(PLWHA)歧视感知状况及其影响因素。方法抽取到南京市第二医院治疗且符合要求的PLWHA,采用自行设计的问卷进行问卷调查,歧视感知量表采用改良量表,采用Logistic回归分析PLWHA歧视感知状况的影响因素。结果共调查465人,平均年龄(37.22±12.01)岁,男性占95.1%;被调查者中50.3%性取向为同性,24.5%性取向为双性或不确定。被调查者的歧视感知平均分为(81.25±12.69)分,其中高水平歧视感知者(≥88分)占25.2%(117人),低水平歧视感知者(<88分)占74.8%(348人)。多元Logistic回归分析结果显示,婚姻状况、性取向、社会支持、自尊是PLWHA歧视感知状况的影响因素(P<0.05)。结论 PLWHA歧视感知普遍存在,且歧视感知受到多种社会和心理因素影响。

Objective To investigate the perceived discrimination and its influencing factors among people living with HIV/AIDS（PLWHA）.Methods PLWHA subjects met the criteria and treated in the Second Hospital of Nanjing were enrolled in this study.Self-designed questionnaire was adapted to investigate PLWHA subjects for sociodemographic data,and the perceived discrimination was investigated via the the modified HIV stigma scale-revision scale.Results A total of 465 PLWHA subjects were investigated,the average age was（37.22±12.01）years old,and most of them were male（95.1%）.50.3% of the PLWHA subjects were homosexual,24.5% of them were bisexual/unsure.The average score of perceived discrimination was（81.25±12.69）points,25.2%（117 cases）of the PLWHA subjects had high level of perceived discrimination（≥88 points）,74.8%（348 cases）of them had low level of perceived discrimination（〈88 points）.The multiple regression analysis showed that marital status,sexual orientation,social support and self-esteem were influencing factors for perceived discrimination.Conclusion Perceived discrimination commonly exists in PLWHA subjects,and is influenced by many social and psychological factors.